Solar power and batteries are the future of power in Nigeria

Power has been a challenge in Nigeria since I was born. In fact, it has been a challenge for years before I was born. And it’s starting to look like it’ll outlive me. There’s never been any time in Nigeria when we didn’t have power issues, at least in my time and the impact of this constant struggle with power is crippling—the lack of reliable electricity has caused many aspects of life and development in Nigeria to remain messed up.

It’s difficult to understand why these issues persist because I’ve seen things that weren’t available in Nigeria, become available over the years. For instance, I grew up in the  time when there was no telephony in Nigeria; when as of January 2001, out of 100 million Nigerians, only about 400,000 had a telephone line. Things were really bad back then, and communication was incredibly limited. However, we saw what happened when telephony was done; it felt like the entire Nigeria suddenly became connected, like one team. If telephony hadn’t progressed like it did, Nigeria would’ve been a shell of itself today.

I witnessed a similar thing for the spread of the internet in Nigeria as well. Around 2015, the internet began to gain importance here. Initially, we didn’t have access to the internet but then the GSM providers started making mobile internet connectivity available and in all fairness, they did  an amazing job. Then MainOne laid the first cable, and internet pricing dropped significantly. After this, MTN introduced the West African Cable System (WACS) here. Although we always had SAT-3, but it was just a disgrace and GLO’s internet service wasn’t really impactful. However, the improvements brought by MainOne and MTN marked a turning point for Nigeria.

The internet became so accessible, and this, combined with the widespread telephony, allowed people to start to build bigger businesses because they could connect with others more easily. This transformation was also crucial for the development of Nigeria’s banking and fintech sectors. The efficiency we enjoy from innovative solutions like those of Paystack, Flutterwave, and Moniepoint , and services such as POS payments and interbank transfers, wouldn’t have existed. Maybe the only thing we would’ve gotten is USSD technology since it works without  internet access.

The internet happened but Nigeria’s power problem persists

Despite the progress in telephony and internet connectivity, here we are and the power problem still remains unsolved. It’s safe to conclude that the reason power still hasn’t happened is because it depends so much on infrastructure and the government doing the right thing. The government’s attempt to address this by privatizing the power sector at some point was a step in the right direction, but it fell short when they decided to hold onto electricity transmission and they’ve just just made a mess of it. 

Today, Nigeria has an installed generating capacity of 13,000 megawatts, but only about 4,000 megawatts can be evacuated at any time.  If transmission was never in the hands of the government, I’m very sure we would be doing about 100,000 megawatts. But that hasn’t happened yet. There’s been a lot of  interesting news about the government bringing in people to do things better, but any meaningful improvement is still likely to take some years before it materializes. 

Solar power is a big deal

Recently, we’ve started seeing the evolution of solutions that don’t depend on the government; solar energy and the likes. While these solutions are quite expensive, prices are gradually decreasing, making it a more viable option for more people.There are some companies like Imperium from Sterling Bank and Asolar, founded by my friend Hakeem Shagaya, doing interesting things in this space. We also see Lumos and thousands of other smaller players who aren’t established brands also making significant strides in providing solar solutions.

Before now, people used a combination of grid electricity, inverters and generators to take care of their power needs. So they’d use the electricity generated from these sources and store it in batteries for later. But grid electricity and generators have become so expensive now that this approach has become more difficult to sustain. Then people realized that the sun that is roasting us daily offers an abundant source of energy. 

Thankfully, the Nigerian government and its public servants aren’t in charge of the sun, or else they might have made it stop shining. So now more and more Nigerians are turning to solar power as a practical and cost-effective alternative.

Battery technology makes solar energy an even bigger deal

Away from solar, I recently read a report on Bloomberg which said that by next year, global battery production capacity will be five times the demand, leading to a glut. While this might sound like good news, don’t count on it because such gluts can even result in higher prices. However, the long-term impact could be beneficial and I foresee Nigeria being a main beneficiary. A glut could lead to a significant drop in battery prices, and I expect China to be in the center of this, going by their track record.

For instance, consider what they did with manufacturing a vehicle with capabilities similar to a Tesla Model 3 but at half the price and with China’s competitive production strategies, it’s only going to get cheaper. Those guys are crazy good like that. 

Back to batteries, a new battery technology, sodium-ion batteries, is another welcome development. Unlike lithium batteries, which can account for over 60% of the price of a new car, sodium-ion batteries are significantly cheaper, potentially reducing costs by 40-50%. 

You’re probably wondering why we don’t hear about sodium-ion batteries being used in cars. This is because despite the fact that sodium-ion charges faster and are cheaper to manufacture, the major problem is that sodium-ion batteries have less storage capacity compared to lithium- based batteries. However, sodium-ion batteries are a promising option for home energy storage solutions; they’re cheap and durable enough.

Solar + Batteries + Fintechs = Energy Independence for Nigerians

Maybe this is what’s going to happen to Nigeria: the Chinese will come to Nigeria/Africa and start building cheap ass sodium batteries and solar panels that will last for years. And with Nigeria close to the equator where the sun shines the living daylight out of everybody, we’re good.

Recently, I was on a call with Hakeem Shagaya and he told me about a power solution they could get for me. The solution he described is 5 kilowatts, about the size of a fridge and costs around N5 million and can be paired perfectly with solar panels. But I have 24/7 power where I live now so I don’t need it, but If I were still in my former house, I would have invested in it without hesitation and just gone off grid electricity completely if I wanted to.

Now imagine how much more widespread the adoption of this solution would be if it was cheaper?  And the great thing about solar panels is that they only lose about 25% of their capacity in 10 years, and they can last up to 20 years. Even for those who might not be able to afford sodium-ion batteries, combining them with traditional lead-acid batteries could still offer a practical solution

With these developments, financial service providers can also plug into this and use the opportunity to introduce credit solutions for people to access solar and battery technology on credit and pay back over time. This is what we’re doing at my company, Lendsqr; looking for lenders who really want to get it on these innovative things and fund people who want to buy these solutions and gradually achieve their energy independence.

Companies like Lumos and Asolar are already doing great stuff with Energy-as-a-Service which allows people to access energy solutions even if they cannot afford the upfront costs. They offer energy solutions with flexible payment options, and if you miss any payments, they can turn off your energy unit completely.

Nigeria’s energy revolution is already here 

Looking ahead, I see a significant shift towards energy independence in Nigeria as more people embrace solar energy and battery technology. And with this, the grid electricity transmission companies are dead in the water. The Gencos may survive but people would have moved on to covering their houses with solar panels.

This means that if the Chinese do this very well, they can just forget about trying to dominate the developed foreign markets who already have everything, and instead, take advantage of the  immense opportunities to directly supply and manufacture these affordable and high-quality solutions in African markets.

I just hope the government doesn’t try to meddle with the developments in this sector. If they want to get involved, they could support by making sure the taxes, tariffs, and duties associated with these solutions are next to nothing. 

I remember when we used to talk about fiber optics, and everyone thought it was a big deal. Now fiber is everywhere, the adoption of internet services like Starlink is growing. Yes, some of these solutions are still expensive but one day somebody will copy them in China and flood the market with cheaper alternatives and this is definitely something I look forward to.